DEAR DR. GOTT: How can a person have a high insulin level but a normal fasting blood sugar?
DEAR READER: The simple answer: insulin resistance, a condition in which the body produces faulty insulin. To compensate, the pancreas produces excess amounts in order to drive sugar into cells to be used for energy. In most instances, this will lead to type 2 diabetes if certain precautions aren’t taken.
Those at risk of developing insulin resistance are individuals who are overweight, inactive, have a family history of diabetes or insulin resistance, have developed gestational diabetes, have polycystic ovary syndrome, get less than five and a half hours sleep each night, are over the age of 45, and African-Americans, Asian-Americans, Native Americans, Hispanics, or Pacific Islanders.
In some, the condition can also be associated with high blood pressure, low “good” HDL cholesterol and high triglycerides. Combined with obesity, this may represent a condition known as metabolic syndrome which increases the risk of heart attack, stroke and diabetes.
The good news is that there are steps that can be taken to reduce these risks. Once diagnosed with insulin resistance, it is vital that dietary and lifestyles changes be made as soon as possible. The earlier they are initiated, the lower the risk of developing full-blown diabetes.
The first, and perhaps most important, is diet. Carbohydrates are not the friend of insulin resistance so focusing on a low carb diet is key. However, the diet should also be low fat, low calorie and high fiber. Fruits, veggies, whole grains, lean meats, fish and seafood should be staples. It is also important to lose weight, get adequate (6-8 hours each night) and exercise 30-60 minutes five to seven days a week. It is also beneficial to eat several smaller meals throughout the day rather than two or three larger ones. This helps reduce the dips and peaks in blood sugar which in turn keeps insulin production steadier. And, of course, discontinuing smoking and reducing or stopping alcohol consumption are beneficial to overall health for everyone. By following these steps regularly, insulin will likely become more reactive and production should lessen back into a normal range.
Readers who are interested in learning more can order my Health Report “Diabetes Mellitus” by sending a self-addressed, stamped number 10 envelope and a $2 US check or money order to Dr. Peter Gott, PO Box 433, Lakeville, CT 06039. Be sure to mention the title when writing or print an order form from my website, www.AskDrGottMD.com.
